Severance Calculator (Unjustified Dismissal)
Código de Trabajo Art. 82. Math runs in your browser — no data sent anywhere.
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Plus partial-year proportional aguinaldo, bono 14, and vacation cash (15 days × partial year ÷ 30 × salary).
What Severance Is in Guatemala
In Guatemala, severance pay (indemnizacion por despido injustificado) is a mandatory payment an employer owes when they terminate a worker without justified cause. It’s regulated by Article 82 of the Labor Code (Decreto 14-41) and works out to one month of salary for each year of continuous service.
Severance is NOT owed when:
- The worker resigns (renuncia voluntaria).
- The employer dismisses the worker with justified cause under Article 80 (e.g., repeated unjustified absences, dishonesty, serious negligence) AND provides written notice.
- The contract was for a fixed term that has naturally expired.
- The worker dies (instead, beneficiaries receive proportional benefits).
In all other cases — most notably “I let you go because we’re restructuring” or “we don’t need you anymore” — severance is owed in full.
The Severance Formula
Severance proper = (avg monthly salary last 6 months) x (years and fractions of a year worked)
For incomplete year: (monthly salary x days worked) / 365
Total finiquito = Severance + Proportional Aguinaldo + Proportional Bono 14
+ Accrued vacation cash + Any unpaid salary
The Labor Code (Art. 82) specifies the salary average is from the last 6 months of ordinary income, NOT the contract’s nominal salary. If you received a raise 3 months ago, the average reflects that.
What Counts in the Salary Average
INCLUDED (ordinary salary):
- Base monthly salary
- Habitual commissions
- Regular overtime (when habitual, not occasional)
- Regular productivity bonuses above Q250
EXCLUDED:
- The Q250 monthly incentive bonus (Decree 78-89)
- Aguinaldo and Bono 14 themselves
- Occasional extraordinary bonuses
- Per diems and reimbursements
Proportional Benefits at Termination
When the labor relationship ends, the worker also receives proportional Aguinaldo, Bono 14, and vacation cash — regardless of who terminated the contract or why.
Proportional Aguinaldo: (monthly salary x months worked since Dec 1) / 12. Proportional Bono 14: (monthly salary x months worked since Jul 1) / 12. Vacation cash: 15 working days per year worked, prorated.
These are owed whether you resigned, were dismissed for cause, or dismissed without cause. Severance proper is only owed in the unjustified-dismissal case.
Worked Examples for 2026
Case 1 — Worker dismissed without cause after 3 full years at Q6,000/month
- Salary average (last 6 months): Q6,000
- Years of service: 3.0
- Severance: Q6,000 x 3 = Q18,000
- Proportional Aguinaldo (5 months since Dec 1): (Q6,000 x 5) / 12 = Q2,500
- Proportional Bono 14 (10 months since Jul 1): (Q6,000 x 10) / 12 = Q5,000
- Accrued vacation (3 years x 15 days unused, assume 30 days pending): Q6,000 / 30 x 30 = Q6,000
- Total finiquito: Q31,500
Case 2 — Minimum wage worker dismissed after 8 months
- Salary: Q4,002.28
- Days worked: 244 (8 months)
- Severance proper: (Q4,002.28 x 244) / 365 = ~Q2,675.00
- Proportional Aguinaldo (assume 5 months since Dec 1): Q1,667.62
- Proportional Bono 14 (8 months since Jul 1): Q2,668.19
- Vacation cash (15 days x 8/12): Q1,334.09
- Total: ~Q8,344.90
Case 3 — 10-year employee dismissed at Q12,000/month
- Severance: Q12,000 x 10 = Q120,000
- Plus proportional benefits = Q15,000 to Q25,000 depending on month
- Total: Q135,000-Q145,000
Justified Dismissal: When Severance Is NOT Owed
Article 80 of the Labor Code lists 13 grounds where the employer can dismiss without paying severance, including:
- Dishonesty, fraud, or serious lack of probity
- Repeated unexcused absences (more than 2 in a 30-day period)
- Insults or physical aggression against the employer or co-workers
- Willful damage to company property
- Refusing to follow safety rules after warnings
- Disclosing confidential information
The employer must give written notice (Article 78) stating the specific Article 80 cause. Without written notice, the dismissal is automatically unjustified — even if the employer had a valid reason.
The Finiquito Laboral
When the contract ends, the employer must prepare a finiquito laboral — an itemized settlement showing each component separately:
- Pending salary (days worked in the current month)
- Severance (indemnizacion) — if unjustified dismissal
- Proportional Aguinaldo
- Proportional Bono 14
- Accrued vacation cash
- Q250 bonus for any pending month
- Any other accrued benefits
Sign the finiquito only after reviewing each line. Never accept a global figure (“here’s Q15,000, sign here”) — you may be waiving rights.
How to Claim Severance
If the employer refuses to pay or pays less than owed:
- File a complaint at the General Labor Inspection (Inspeccion General del Trabajo, MINTRAB).
- Bring your contract, recent paystubs, DPI, and the unsigned finiquito if any.
- The inspection schedules a conciliation hearing within 5-15 days.
- If conciliation fails, the inspection issues a certification allowing you to file a demanda ordinaria laboral in the Labor Court.
- You have 30 working days from dismissal to file in the Labor Court for severance claims.
Severance Doesn’t Pay ISR or IGSS
Article 81 of Decree 10-2012 (the ISR law) and Article 27 of Decree 295 (IGSS) both exempt severance from withholdings. You receive 100% of the calculated amount.
Related Trámites
- Guatemala Dismissal With and Without Cause — The legal grounds in Article 80.
- Bono 14 Calculator — Used for the proportional calculation.
- Aguinaldo Calculator — Used for the proportional calculation.
- Vacation Calculator Guatemala — Accrued vacation cash at termination.
- Employment Reference Letter Guatemala — What to request when leaving a job.
Legal Sources
- Codigo de Trabajo de Guatemala (Decreto 14-41 of the Congress), Articles 78, 80, 82.
- Decreto Numero 42-92 — Ley del Bono 14, Article 2 (proportional benefit).
- Decreto Numero 78-89 — Q250 bonus excluded from severance calculations.
- Ministerio de Trabajo y Prevision Social (MINTRAB) — Inspeccion General del Trabajo, central office Zone 5 and departmental delegations.
This page provides general guidance on Guatemala labor law. For complex cases (executive contracts, collective bargaining, foreign workers, group layoffs), consult a labor attorney before signing any finiquito.